gian

Thân thiện

Một ngôi nhà nhỏ có ba gian với mái ngói đỏ.

Definition

1. Noun:

   • A compartment or bay: A traditional unit of space in a Vietnamese house, defined by structural frames or partitions.
   • A room or section: A partitioned space within a building.

2. Adjective:

   • Tricky; deceitful: Characterized by dishonesty or intent to deceive.
   • Disloyal; treacherous: Characterized by betrayal of trust or faithlessness.

Usage Examples

• Noun:

  • Nhà cổ này có ba gian hai chái. (This ancient house has three main compartments and two lean-tos.)
  • Họ thuê một gian nhỏ để bán hàng. (They rented a small room/section to sell goods.)

• Adjective:

  • Hắn ta là một kẻ rất gian. (He is a very deceitful person.)
  • Âm mưu gian đã bị bại lộ. (The treacherous plot was exposed.)

Advanced Usage

• "gian thương": Refers to an unscrupulous, profiteering merchant.

  • Những gian thương đầu cơ tích trữ hàng hóa. (Unscrupulous merchants hoard goods for speculation.)

• "gian phòng": A more literary term for a room or chamber.

  • Gian phòng phía đông rất mát mẻ. (The eastern chamber is very cool.)

Variants and Related Words

• Gian nhà (n): A house compartment; a section of a house.
• Gian hàng (n): A market stall; a booth or section in a market.
• Gian xảo (adj): Cunning and crafty.
• Gian ác (adj): Wicked and cruel.

Synonyms

• Noun: Compartment, bay, room, section.
• Adjective: Deceitful, dishonest, treacherous, cunning, fraudulent.

Related Idioms

• "Ngay gian lẫn lộn": Good and evil are mixed up; it's hard to distinguish honesty from deceit.

  • Xã hội ấy ngay gian lẫn lộn. (In that society, the honest and the deceitful are intermixed.)

• "Gian nan" (This is a separate, common compound word meaning "difficult" or "full of hardship," not a direct idiom of "gian" alone).

  • Họ đã vượt qua chặng đường gian nan. (They overcame a difficult journey.)

Học thuật

noun

1. apartment, compartment; room

adj

1. tricky; dishonest; disloyal