khó

Definition

Adjective:
- Hard; Difficult: Requiring much effort, skill, or thought to do, achieve, or understand.
- Particular; Hard to Please: Describing a person who is fussy, demanding, or not easily satisfied, especially about details.
- Poor; Needy; In Difficult Circumstances: Being in a state of hardship, poverty, or deprivation.

Usage Examples

Adjective (Hard/Difficult):
- Bài tập này rất khó. (This exercise is very difficult.)
- Con đường phía trước khó đi. (The road ahead is hard to travel.)
Adjective (Particular):
- Ông ấy khó tính. (He is a particular / hard-to-please person.)
- Cô ta ăn uống rất khó. (She is very particular about her food.)
Adjective (Poor/Needy):
- Gia đình khó ấy cần sự giúp đỡ. (That needy family requires assistance.)

Advanced Usage

Used in formal or literary contexts to describe arduous challenges.
- Một nhiệm vụ khó nhọc. (An arduous task.)
Can describe abstract difficulty.
- Một vấn đề khó giải quyết. (A hard-to-solve problem.)

Variants and Related Words

Khó khăn (adj/n): Difficulties; hardship. Refers to challenging conditions or situations.
- Vượt qua mọi khó khăn. (To overcome all difficulties.)
Khó nhọc (adj): Arduous, toilsome. Emphasizes physical or mental strain.
Khó tính (adj): Fussy, picky, hard to please. A compound specifically for describing a person's character.

Synonyms

Related Idioms and Phrases

Khó như lên trời: As difficult as climbing to heaven; meaning something is extremely hard or nearly impossible.
- Việc đó khó như lên trời. (That task is next to impossible.)
Của thiên trả địa: (Literally: "Heaven's goods returned to earth") An idiom often paired with "khó" in the saying "Khó của thiên trả địa," meaning a difficulty or loss that is fated or unavoidable.
Khó trăm bề: To face difficulties on all sides; to be in a very tough situation.
Nhà khó: A poor or needy household.

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