Definition

1. Determiner:

   • All; every: Used before a noun to refer to every single member of a group or every instance of something, considered collectively or individually. It implies the entirety without exception.
   • Any; all possible: Used to emphasize the completeness of an action or state across all aspects, times, or places.

2. Noun (Archaic/Pejorative):

   • Servant; menial: An archaic and pejorative term for a servant, implying subservient labor.
   • Ethnic minority person (Derogatory): A derogatory historical term used by feudal or colonial systems to refer to ethnic minority peoples, implying cultural backwardness. This usage is offensive and obsolete.

Usage Examples

• Determiner:

  • Mọi người đều đồng ý. (Everybody agrees.)
  • Chúng tôi sẵn sàng giúp đỡ về mọi mặt. (We are ready to help in every aspect.)
  • Mọi ngày, cô ấy đi làm lúc 7 giờ. (Every day, she goes to work at 7 o'clock.)

• Noun (Archaic):

  • Hắn bị đối xử như một kẻ làm mọi. (He was treated like a menial servant.)

Advanced Usage

• "mọi lúc mọi nơi": An idiom meaning "at all times and in all places."

  • Anh ấy tranh thủ học tập mọi lúc mọi nơi. (He takes advantage of every opportunity to study, at all times and in all places.)

• "mọi bề" / "mọi đường" / "mọi phía": Phrases meaning "in every respect," "by all means," or "from all sides."

  • Dự án được chuẩn bị kỹ lưỡng mọi bề. (The project was thoroughly prepared in every respect.)

Variants and Related Words

• Mọi người (n): Everybody, everyone.
• Mọi thứ (n): Everything.
• Mọi nơi (n): Everywhere.
• Mọi khi (n): Every other time, on previous occasions.

Synonyms

• Determiner: All, every, each.
• Noun (Archaic): Servant, menial, domestic.

Related Idioms

• Làm mọi không công: To work as a servant for free; to be exploited.
  • Anh ta cảm thấy mình như đang làm mọi không công. (He feels like he's working as an unpaid servant.)

Important Note: The nominal uses of "mọi" (servant, derogatory ethnic term) are archaic and carry strong negative, pejorative connotations. In modern Vietnamese, "mọi" is almost exclusively used as a determiner meaning "all" or "every."

1. all; every
   • mọi người
     everybody
   • mọi vật
     everything