gánh

Definition

Verb:
- To carry using a shoulder pole: The primary meaning of "gánh" is to transport items by balancing them on a shoulder pole (đòn gánh), with a load hanging from each end.
- To bear, to shoulder (a burden or responsibility): "Gánh" is used metaphorically to mean taking on a heavy duty, burden, or consequence.
Noun:
- A load carried on a shoulder pole: Refers to the specific quantity or the physical load being carried in this manner.
- A burden or responsibility: Refers to a difficult duty or weighty obligation one must carry.
- A troupe (of performers): A shortened, colloquial term for a traveling performance group, such as a theater or circus troupe (gánh hát, gánh xiếc).

Usage Examples

Verb:
- Bà ấy gánh nước từ giếng về. (She carries water from the well.)
- Anh ấy phải gánh mọi trách nhiệm cho sai lầm đó. (He has to bear all the responsibility for that mistake.)
Noun:
- Chị ấy bán hai gánh rau mỗi sáng. (She sells two loads of vegetables every morning.)
- Gánh gia đình thật nặng nề. (The family burden is very heavy.)
- Gánh hát đó rất nổi tiếng. (That theater troupe is very famous.)

Advanced Usage

"gánh vác": to undertake, to assume (a heavy responsibility or task).
- Anh ấy gánh vác công việc của cả nhóm. (He undertakes the work for the whole team.)
"gánh chịu": to suffer, to bear (negative consequences).
- Người dân gánh chịu thiệt hại từ cơn bão. (The people suffered damage from the storm.)

Variants and Related Words

Đòn gánh (n): shoulder pole, the tool used for carrying loads.
- Chiếc đòn gánh được làm từ tre. (The shoulder pole is made from bamboo.)
Gánh hát (n): theater troupe, opera troupe.
- Gánh hát này chuyên diễn tuồng cổ. (This troupe specializes in classical opera.)

Synonyms

Related Idioms

Gánh nặng áo cơm: the burden of making a living (literally: the burden of clothing and rice).
- Gánh nặng áo cơm đè lên đôi vai. (The burden of making a living weighs on the shoulders.)
Nặng gánh giang san: to bear the heavy burden of the nation (a literary expression).
- Vị vua trẻ nặng gánh giang san. (The young king bears the heavy burden of the nation.)

verb

to shoulder; to bear a charge
- gánh chịu tất cả trách nhiệm
  
  to bear all the responsibilities
To carry
- gánh gạo
  
  to carry rice

noun

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