giâm
Definition
Verb: 1. To propagate (a plant) by cutting; to strike (a cutting): The primary meaning refers to the horticultural method of planting a piece of a stem, branch, or root in moist soil to grow a new plant. 2. To transplant (rice seedlings) temporarily: In agriculture, specifically for rice cultivation, it means to transplant seedlings temporarily into a field, with the intention of uprooting and transplanting them a second time later when conditions are suitable.
Usage Examples
- Verb (Horticulture):
- Người làm vườn giâm cành hoa hồng vào chậu. (The gardener struck a rose cutting in a pot.)
- Cây này rất dễ sống, chỉ cần giâm một đoạn thân xuống đất là được. (This plant is very hardy, you just need to propagate a piece of its stem in the soil.)
- Verb (Agriculture - Rice):
- Do mưa lũ, bà con nông dân phải giâm mạ tạm ở ruộng cao. (Due to floods, the farmers had to transplant the seedlings temporarily to a higher field.)
- Lúa giâm thường phát triển chậm hơn lúa cấy thẳng. (Temporarily transplanted rice usually grows slower than directly transplanted rice.)
Advanced Usage
- "Giâm cành": This is a common compound specifically meaning "to take cuttings" or "to propagate by stem cuttings." It is the most frequent application of the first meaning.
- Kỹ thuật giâm cành được sử dụng phổ biến để nhân giống cây ăn quả. (The cutting propagation technique is commonly used to propagate fruit trees.)
Variants and Related Words
- Chiết (verb): A related horticultural technique meaning "to layer" or "to air-layer," which involves rooting a branch while it is still attached to the parent plant.
- Ghép (verb): Another related technique meaning "to graft," which involves joining a cutting (scion) onto another plant (rootstock).
- Cấy (verb): A more general verb for "to transplant" seedlings, especially rice. "Giâm" in the agricultural sense is a specific type of temporary "cấy."
Synonyms
- For meaning 1 (Horticulture): Nhân giống bằng hom/cành (to propagate by cuttings). There is no single direct English synonym beyond "to strike" or "to propagate."
- For meaning 2 (Agriculture): Cấy tạm (to transplant temporarily).
Related Phrases (Collocations)
- Giâm hom: To plant cuttings (using a specific piece like a "hom" - cutting).
- Giâm mạ: To transplant rice seedlings temporarily.
- Vườn ươm giâm cành: A nursery for cutting propagation.
verb
-
to raise
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