hầm
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
Noun:
- Trench; dugout; shelter: A long, narrow excavation in the ground, often used for military protection, drainage, or as a foundation.
- Vault; cellar; underground chamber: An enclosed underground space used for storage (e.g., wine, food) or as a shelter.
Verb:
- To stew; to braise; to simmer: To cook food slowly in a closed pot with a small amount of liquid.
- To bake; to fire (bricks, tiles): To harden clay or similar materials by heating them in a kiln.
Usage Examples
Noun:
- Bộ đội đào hầm để tránh đạn pháo. (The soldiers dug a trench to avoid artillery shells.)
- Nhà hàng này có một hầm rượu rất lớn. (This restaurant has a very large wine cellar.)
Verb:
- Mẹ tôi thường hầm xương để lấy nước dùng. (My mother often stews bones to make broth.)
- Gạch phải được hầm trong lò nhiều ngày. (Bricks must be fired in a kiln for many days.)
Advanced Usage
"Nằm hầm": To hide away; to lie low (often in a shelter or figuratively).
- Sau vụ scandal, ông ấy nằm hầm ở biệt thự suốt mấy tháng. (After the scandal, he lay low at his villa for months.)
"Hầm hố" (adjective): Gloomy, grim, or fierce (often describing a facial expression or atmosphere).
- Anh ta nhìn tôi với vẻ mặt hầm hố. (He looked at me with a grim expression.)
Variants and Related Words
Hầm hơi (noun): Steam room; sauna.
- Sau khi tập gym, tôi thường vào hầm hơi. (After working out, I usually go into the steam room.)
Hầm chui (noun): Underpass; subway (for pedestrians or vehicles).
- Hãy qua đường bằng hầm chui cho an toàn. (Please cross the road using the underpass for safety.)
Synonyms
- Noun (Trench): Rãnh (ditch), hào (moat).
- Noun (Cellar): Hầm chứa (storage cellar), tầng hầm (basement).
- Verb (To stew): Ninh (to simmer/braise, often for a very long time), om (to braise in a small amount of liquid).
Related Phrases (Phrasal Verbs)
- Hầm hà (verb): To grumble; to complain in a low, discontented voice.
- Đừng có hầm hà nữa, hãy nói rõ ý kiến của anh đi. (Stop grumbling; state your opinion clearly.)
Related Idioms
"Chui vào hầm": Literally "to crawl into a shelter." Figuratively means to go into hiding or to isolate oneself.
- Cảm thấy xấu hổ, nó chỉ muốn chui vào hầm. (Feeling ashamed, he just wanted to crawl into a hole.)
"Hang hầm": Literally "caves and cellars." Often used to describe wild, dangerous, or lawless places.
- Khu vực ấy trước đây là chốn hang hầm của bọn cướp. (That area used to be a den of thieves.)
noun
- trench; vault; cellar
- hầm rượuwine-cellar
verb
- to stew; to braise; to simmer
- hầm thịt bòto stew beef to bake; to kiln
- hầm gạchto bake bricks