ăn

Học thuật

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Definition

Verb:
- To eat, to consume food: The primary meaning, referring to the act of putting food into the mouth, chewing, and swallowing.
- To have a meal: To participate in a meal (breakfast, lunch, dinner, feast).
- To take in, to consume, to use up: Refers to the consumption or usage of non-food items (e.g., fuel, resources, materials).
- To receive, to get, to obtain (often something beneficial or detrimental): To gain something like profit, salary, or to suffer something like a blow or punishment.
- To corrode, to erode: For substances that wear away or damage a material.
- To adhere, to stick, to be absorbed: For substances that bond with or sink into a surface.
- To be equivalent to, to be worth: To have a certain value or exchange rate.
- To belong to, to be part of: To be included within a certain area or jurisdiction.
- To win, to take (in games or competitions): To secure a prize or victory.

Usage Examples

To eat:
- Tôi ăn cơm trưa lúc 12 giờ. (I eat lunch at 12 o'clock.)
- Trẻ con cần ăn nhiều rau. (Children need to eat a lot of vegetables.)
To have a meal:
- Cả gia đình cùng ăn tối. (The whole family has dinner together.)
- Họ mời tôi đi ăn tiệc. (They invited me to attend a feast.)
To consume/use up:
- Chiếc xe này ăn rất nhiều xăng. (This car consumes a lot of gasoline.)
- Cái máy này ăn điện. (This machine uses a lot of electricity.)
To receive/obtain:
- Anh ấy ăn lương hàng tháng. (He receives a monthly salary.)
- Nó ăn một trận đòn. (He got a beating.)
To corrode:
- A-xít có thể ăn mòn kim loại. (Acid can corrode metal.)
To adhere/be absorbed:
- Loại giấy này ăn mực rất tốt. (This type of paper absorbs ink very well.)
- Hồ này không ăn. (This glue doesn't stick.)
To be equivalent to:
- Một đô la ăn khoảng 25,000 đồng. (One dollar is worth about 25,000 dong.)
To belong to:
- Mảnh đất này ăn về địa phận xã tôi. (This plot of land belongs to the area of my commune.)
To win:
- Đội chủ nhà ăn trận đấu với tỉ số 3-0. (The home team won the match with a score of 3-0.)

Advanced Usage

"ăn nên làm ra": to prosper, to be successful in business and work.
- Nhờ chăm chỉ, họ ăn nên làm ra. (Thanks to hard work, they are prosperous.)
"ăn ở": to behave, to conduct oneself (morally or in relationships).
- Anh ta ăn ở có đức. (He behaves virtuously.)
"ăn nói": to speak, to express oneself.
- Cô ấy ăn nói khéo léo. (She speaks tactfully.)
"ăn ảnh": to be photogenic.
- Cô người mẫu rất ăn ảnh. (The model is very photogenic.)

Variants and Related Words

Ăn uống (verb phrase): to eat and drink; refers generally to dining habits.
- Chú ý đến việc ăn uống lành mạnh. (Pay attention to healthy eating and drinking.)
Đồ ăn / Thức ăn (noun): food.
- Tôi đi mua đồ ăn. (I go to buy food.)
Ăn nhậu (verb): to feast, to eat and drink (often socially, with alcohol).
- Họ thích ăn nhậu cuối tuần. (They like to feast on weekends.)

Synonyms

Related Phrasal Verbs / Verb-Object Combinations

Ăn vào: to eat into, to encroach upon.
- Công việc ăn vào thời gian nghỉ ngơi. (Work eats into rest time.)
Ăn mặc (verb): to dress, to wear clothes.
- Cô ấy ăn mặc rất đẹp. (She dresses very nicely.)
Ăn nằm (verb): to cohabit, to live together (as a couple); also used in idioms.
- Họ đã ăn nằm với nhau. (They have lived together.)

Related Idioms

Ăn chắc mặc bền: Literally "eat solidly, wear durably"; meaning to prioritize practicality and durability in life.
- Ông ấy sống theo kiểu ăn chắc mặc bền. (He lives by the principle of practicality and durability.)
Ăn vóc học hay: Literally "eat for strength, study for skill"; meaning good nutrition supports good learning.
- Cha mẹ luôn nhắc ăn vóc học hay. (Parents always remind that good health supports good learning.)
Ăn không ngồi rồi: to be idle, to sit around doing nothing.
- Anh ta suốt ngày ăn không ngồi rồi. (He is idle all day long.)
Ăn cháo đá bát: Literally "eat the porridge and kick the bowl"; meaning to be ungrateful, to bite the hand that feeds you.
- Hành động đó đúng là ăn cháo đá bát. (That action is truly ungrateful.)

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