xin
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
Verb:
- To ask for, to request: To express a desire for something to be given or granted, often politely.
- To beg, to plead: To ask for something earnestly or humbly, especially as a favor or mercy.
- To apply for: To formally request something, such as a job, permit, or benefit.
Particle (Polite Marker):
- Please: A word placed at the beginning of a request, invitation, or statement to convey politeness, humility, or formality.
Usage Examples
Verb:
- Cháu xin bà một miếng bánh. (I ask my grandmother for a piece of cake.)
- Họ xin nhà chủ trọ gia hạn thêm một tháng. (They begged the landlord for a one-month extension.)
- Cô ấy đang xin việc ở một công ty mới. (She is applying for a job at a new company.)
Particle (Polite Marker):
- Xin mời anh ngồi. (Please, have a seat.)
- Xin lỗi, tôi đến muộn. (I apologize [please excuse me], I am late.)
- Xin chân thành cảm ơn. (We sincerely thank you.)
Advanced Usage
"xin ý kiến": to seek advice or opinion.
- Trước khi quyết định, tôi cần xin ý kiến của giám đốc. (Before deciding, I need to seek the director's opinion.)
"xin phép": to ask for permission.
- Em xin phép cô cho em ra ngoài. (I ask for your permission to go outside, teacher.)
Variants and Related Words
Thỉnh cầu (v): A more formal synonym for "xin," meaning to petition or formally request.
- Họ thỉnh cầu chính phủ xem xét vấn đề. (They petitioned the government to consider the issue.)
Nài xin (v): To beg or implore persistently.
- Đứa trẻ nài xin mẹ mua đồ chơi. (The child begged his mother to buy a toy.)
Synonyms
- Request: To politely or formally ask for.
- Beg: To ask earnestly or desperately.
- Apply for: To make a formal request for consideration.
- Please: Used to make a polite request.
Related Idioms
Xin như ăn mày: To beg like a beggar; to plead desperately and persistently.
- Nó xin như ăn mày nhưng tôi vẫn không đồng ý. (He begged like a beggar but I still didn't agree.)
Xin cho có lệ: To ask for something merely as a formality or for the sake of appearance, not expecting a genuine outcome.
- Anh ấy xin cho có lệ thôi, biết là sẽ không được chấp thuận. (He asked merely as a formality, knowing it wouldn't be approved.)