y
/wai/
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
Pronoun:
- He, him: A third-person singular pronoun used to refer to a man or male person, often carrying a neutral or slightly disrespectful, familiar, or condescending tone. It is not used for respected figures.
- It: In some formal or bureaucratic contexts, it can refer to an inanimate object or abstract concept (e.g., a document, a regulation).
Noun:
- Medicine (abbreviation): A common abbreviation for "y học" (medicine) or "y khoa" (medical science). Used in terms related to the medical field.
Verb:
- To approve, to ratify (abbreviation): An abbreviation for "chuẩn y," meaning to officially approve or ratify a document, request, or decision.
- To comply with, to follow: To act in accordance with or to adhere to an agreement, order, or promise.
Adverb:
- Exactly like, in accordance with: Used to indicate that something is done exactly as before or in strict conformity with a model or instruction.
Usage Examples
- Pronoun:
- Y đã đi rồi. (He has already left.)
- Anh có biết y không? (Do you know him?)
- Noun:
- Học trường y. (To study at a medical school.)
- Ngành y. (The medical field.)
- Verb (to approve):
- Đề án đã được cấp trên y. (The project has been approved by the superiors.)
- Verb (to comply):
- Y lệnh cấp trên. (To follow the orders of one's superiors.)
- Y hẹn. (To keep an appointment/promise.)
- Adverb:
- Làm y như cũ. (To do exactly as before.)
- Sao y bản chính. (To make a true copy of the original document.)
Advanced Usage
- "y án" (legal term): To uphold a sentence/judgment. Refers to a higher court confirming the verdict of a lower court.
- Tòa phúc thẩm đã y án sơ thẩm. (The appellate court upheld the trial court's sentence.)
- The pronoun "y" is considered somewhat archaic or literary in modern spoken Vietnamese. In contemporary usage, "nó" (for both genders, often informal) or "anh ấy" (he/him, more neutral) are more common. "Y" is still found in literature, historical contexts, or to deliberately convey a dismissive tone.
Variants and Related Words
- Y học (n): Medicine (the science).
- Y khoa (n): Medical science.
- Y tá (n): Nurse.
- Bác sĩ (n): Doctor.
- Chuẩn y (v): To officially approve/ratify (full form).
- Y nguyên (adv): Completely intact, exactly as it was.
Synonyms
- Pronoun: Nó (it/he/she - informal), anh ấy (he - neutral), hắn (he - derogatory).
- Noun (medicine): Ngành y, y học.
- Verb (to approve): Phê chuẩn, thông qua, đồng ý.
- Verb (to comply): Tuân theo, tuân thủ, làm theo.
- Adverb: Đúng, chính xác, nguyên vẹn.
Related Phrases (Phrasal Verbs / Common Collocations)
- Sao y bản chính: To make a certified/true copy.
- Y lời: To keep one's word.
- Y như đúc: To be exactly alike, identical.
- Y phục (n): Clothing, attire (Note: This is a Sino-Vietnamese compound where "y" means clothing, different from the main entry word).
Related Idioms
- Y chang: Exactly the same, a perfect copy. (Similar to "y như đúc").
- Chiếc áo mới y chang cái cũ. (The new shirt is exactly the same as the old one.)