Definition

1. Noun:

   • Rust: A reddish-brown or reddish-black flaky coating that forms on iron or steel when exposed to moisture and air, resulting from oxidation.
   • Gunk, crust (in specific contexts): A hardened, crusty discharge, such as from the eyes (sleep, rheum).

2. Adjective:

   • Rusty: Covered with or consisting of rust; corroded.

3. Verb (intransitive):

   • To rust: To become coated with rust; to undergo corrosion.

Usage Examples

• Noun:

  • Cái đinh này đầy gỉ. (This nail is full of rust.)
  • Anh ấy lau gỉ mắt khi thức dậy. (He wiped the sleep from his eyes when he woke up.)

• Adjective:

  • Chiếc xe đạp cũ đó rất gỉ. (That old bicycle is very rusty.)
  • Cần thay thế những ống nước gỉ. (The rusty water pipes need replacing.)

• Verb:

  • Sắt sẽ gỉ nếu để ngoài mưa. (Iron will rust if left in the rain.)
  • Khóa cửa này đang bắt đầu gỉ. (This door lock is starting to rust.)

Advanced Usage

• "gỉ sét": This is a common compound noun meaning "rust". While "gỉ" alone can mean rust, "gỉ sét" is often used for clarity or emphasis.

  • Phải cạo hết lớp gỉ sét trên bề mặt. (You must scrape off all the rust from the surface.)

• "thép không gỉ": A fixed technical term meaning "stainless steel".

  • Dao này làm bằng thép không gỉ. (This knife is made of stainless steel.)

Variants and Related Words

• Han gỉ: A synonym for rust. "Han" also means rust, and "han gỉ" combines them.
• Rỉ sét: Another common synonym for the process of rusting or the rust itself.
• Gỉ mắt / Dử mắt: Sleep, rheum (the crust in the eyes).

Synonyms

• Noun (for rust): Han, rỉ sét.
• Adjective (for rusty): Bị rỉ, bị oxy hóa (oxidized).
• Verb (to rust): Bị rỉ, bị oxy hóa.

Related Phrases

• Bị gỉ: To be/become rusty.

  • Máy móc để trong nhà kho ẩm dễ bị gỉ. (Machinery left in a damp warehouse easily gets rusty.)

• Lên gỉ: To develop rust (similar to "bị gỉ").

  • Mặt dưới của xe đã lên gỉ. (The underside of the car has developed rust.)

Related Idioms

• Ăn nói có gỉ: (Colloquial) To speak in a cunning, sly, or insinuating manner. This idiom uses "gỉ" metaphorically to imply something sharp, corrosive, or not straightforward, like rust.
  • Đừng tin hắn, hắn ăn nói có gỉ lắm. (Don't trust him; he speaks very slyly / his words are deceitful.)

adj

1. rusty,

noun

1. rust