Definition

1. Verb:

   • To reduce; to decrease; to lessen: To make something smaller in size, amount, degree, or intensity. It is the opposite of "to increase" (tăng).
   • To lower; to drop: Often used for prices, speed, temperature, or pressure.
   • To diminish; to decline: To become weaker or less significant over time.

2. Verb (extended usage):

   • To discount; to cut: Used in commerce and business to indicate a reduction in price or cost.
   • To ease; to alleviate: To make a condition, such as pain or stress, less severe.

Usage Examples

• Verb:
  • Cửa hàng này giảm giá 50%. (This store is reducing prices by 50%.)
  • Cô ấy cần giảm cân. (She needs to lose weight.)
  • Tốc độ tăng trưởng đã giảm. (The growth rate has decreased.)
  • Thuốc này giúp giảm đau. (This medicine helps to alleviate pain.)

Advanced Usage

• "giảm thiểu": to minimize, to reduce to the smallest possible amount.

  • Chúng ta phải giảm thiểu rác thải nhựa. (We must minimize plastic waste.)

• "giảm sút": to decline, to deteriorate (often in quality, health, or morale).

  • Sức khỏe của ông ấy giảm sút rõ rệt. (His health has declined noticeably.)

Variants and Related Words

• Giảm giá (v): to discount, to reduce the price.

  • Áo khoác đang được giảm giá. (The jackets are on sale.)

• Giảm tốc (v): to slow down, to decelerate.

  • Xe buýt bắt đầu giảm tốc. (The bus began to slow down.)

• Giảm nhẹ (v): to mitigate, to lighten (a penalty or a burden).

  • Luật sư yêu cầu giảm nhẹ hình phạt. (The lawyer requested a mitigation of the sentence.)

Synonyms

• Reduce: To make something smaller or less in amount.
• Decrease: To become or make something less.
• Lower: To reduce in height, amount, or intensity.
• Lessen: To make or become less; to diminish.

Related Idioms

• Giảm nhiệt: Literally "to reduce heat"; figuratively means to calm down a situation or reduce tension.

  • Hai bên cần giảm nhiệt để đàm phán. (Both sides need to cool down to negotiate.)

• Giảm xóc: Literally "to reduce shock"; means to cushion or soften the impact of something.

  • Chính sách này nhằm giảm xóc cho nền kinh tế. (This policy aims to cushion the economy.)

verb

1. to lessen; to reduce; to decrease