Definition

1. Adjective:

   • Superfluous, excessive: Refers to something that is more than what is needed or used, existing in an unnecessary amount.
   • Leftover, remaining: Describes what is left after the necessary part has been used or consumed.

2. Verb:

   • To have in excess: To possess or have more than the required amount.
   • To take advantage of: To exploit a favorable opportunity or circumstance, often for one's own benefit.
   • To comply with (formal/archaic): To act in accordance with an order or command.

Usage Examples

• Adjective:

  • Mua nhiều quá, thức ăn bây giờ thừa rồi. (I bought too much; the food is now excessive.)
  • Đây là số tiền thừa của anh. (This is your leftover money.)
  • Lời nói đó thật thừa thãi. (That statement is truly superfluous.)

• Verb:

  • Công ty thừa nhân viên. (The company has an excess of employees.)
  • Hắn thừa lúc tôi không để ý mà lấy trộm đồ. (He took advantage of when I wasn't paying attention to steal.)
  • Thừa lệnh cấp trên, chúng tôi tiến hành điều tra. (Complying with the superior's order, we proceeded with the investigation.)

Advanced Usage

• "thừa biết": To know perfectly well, to be fully aware (emphasizes obvious knowledge).

  • Tôi thừa biết anh không nói thật. (I know perfectly well you are not telling the truth.)

• "thừa nhận": To admit, to acknowledge (a fact or truth).

  • Anh ta đã thừa nhận sai lầm. (He admitted his mistake.)

Variants and Related Words

• Thừa thãi (adj): Redundant, superfluous (emphasizes wasteful excess).

  • Đồ đạc thừa thãi chất đầy nhà kho. (Redundant items filled the storage room.)

• Thừa cân (adj): Overweight.

  • Trẻ em thừa cân cần chế độ ăn hợp lý. (Overweight children need a proper diet.)

Synonyms

• Excess: More than is necessary.
• Surplus: An amount left over.
• Exploit: To use a situation for gain.
• Admit: To acknowledge.

Related Idioms

• Thừa gió bẻ măng: Literally "to take advantage of the wind to break bamboo shoots," meaning to seize an opportunity, often to do something unfair or to kick someone when they are down.

  • Đối thủ thừa gió bẻ măng khi đội chúng tôi suy yếu. (The opponent seized the opportunity when our team was weakened.)

• Thừa sống thiếu chết: Literally "to have an excess in life but a lack in death," describing a life of material surplus but spiritual or moral poverty.

  • Cuộc sống xa hoa nhưng cô đơn, đúng là thừa sống thiếu chết. (A luxurious but lonely life is truly one of material excess and spiritual lack.)

adj

1. superfluous, in excess; excessive quite well

verb

1. to comply with