thừa
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
Adjective:
- Superfluous, excessive: Refers to something that is more than what is needed or used, existing in an unnecessary amount.
- Leftover, remaining: Describes what is left after the necessary part has been used or consumed.
Verb:
- To have in excess: To possess or have more than the required amount.
- To take advantage of: To exploit a favorable opportunity or circumstance, often for one's own benefit.
- To comply with (formal/archaic): To act in accordance with an order or command.
Usage Examples
Adjective:
- Mua nhiều quá, thức ăn bây giờ thừa rồi. (I bought too much; the food is now excessive.)
- Đây là số tiền thừa của anh. (This is your leftover money.)
- Lời nói đó thật thừa thãi. (That statement is truly superfluous.)
Verb:
- Công ty thừa nhân viên. (The company has an excess of employees.)
- Hắn thừa lúc tôi không để ý mà lấy trộm đồ. (He took advantage of when I wasn't paying attention to steal.)
- Thừa lệnh cấp trên, chúng tôi tiến hành điều tra. (Complying with the superior's order, we proceeded with the investigation.)
Advanced Usage
"thừa biết": To know perfectly well, to be fully aware (emphasizes obvious knowledge).
- Tôi thừa biết anh không nói thật. (I know perfectly well you are not telling the truth.)
"thừa nhận": To admit, to acknowledge (a fact or truth).
- Anh ta đã thừa nhận sai lầm. (He admitted his mistake.)
Variants and Related Words
Thừa thãi (adj): Redundant, superfluous (emphasizes wasteful excess).
- Đồ đạc thừa thãi chất đầy nhà kho. (Redundant items filled the storage room.)
Thừa cân (adj): Overweight.
- Trẻ em thừa cân cần chế độ ăn hợp lý. (Overweight children need a proper diet.)
Synonyms
- Excess: More than is necessary.
- Surplus: An amount left over.
- Exploit: To use a situation for gain.
- Admit: To acknowledge.
Related Idioms
Thừa gió bẻ măng: Literally "to take advantage of the wind to break bamboo shoots," meaning to seize an opportunity, often to do something unfair or to kick someone when they are down.
- Đối thủ thừa gió bẻ măng khi đội chúng tôi suy yếu. (The opponent seized the opportunity when our team was weakened.)
Thừa sống thiếu chết: Literally "to have an excess in life but a lack in death," describing a life of material surplus but spiritual or moral poverty.
- Cuộc sống xa hoa nhưng cô đơn, đúng là thừa sống thiếu chết. (A luxurious but lonely life is truly one of material excess and spiritual lack.)
verb
- to comply with