đã

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The Vietnamese word "đã" is an adverb that can have several meanings and uses depending on the context. Here’s a detailed explanation to help you understand it better:

Basic Meaning

1. Already: "Đã" is commonly used to indicate that something has happened or been completed before the present moment.
   • Example: "Đã trưa rồi." (It's already late.) Here, "đã" shows that the time has progressed to midday without us noticing.

Usage Instructions

• You can use "đã" when you want to emphasize that an action has been completed, especially when talking about past actions.
• It is often placed before the verb in a sentence.

Example Sentences

• "Chúng ta hãy học đã." (Let's learn first.) In this case, "đã" is used to suggest that learning should be prioritized before doing something else.
• "Tôi đã ăn cơm." (I have already eaten rice.) Here, "đã" indicates that the action of eating has been completed.

Advanced Usage

• "Đã" can also be used to express a sense of time that is more reflective or to point out that something should have already occurred.
  • Example: "Anh ấy đã đi rồi." (He has already left.) This emphasizes that his departure is in the past.

Word Variants

• "Đã" can sometimes appear in different constructions, such as:
  • "Đã từng" (have ever): Used to indicate past experience.

Different Meanings

• In some contexts, "đã" can also mean "since" when used to describe a period from a past time to the present.
  • Example: "Tôi đã sống ở đây từ năm 2010." (I have lived here since 2010.)

Synonyms

• The word "đã" can be synonymous with:
  • "Rồi" in some contexts, which also indicates completion or "already."
  • "Từng" when referring to past experiences, although it is used in slightly different grammatical constructions.

Summary

In summary, "đã" is a versatile Vietnamese word primarily meaning "already" but can also indicate "since" in specific contexts. It is essential for expressing completed actions and experiences.

Academic

adv

1. already
   • đã trưa rồi
     It's already late first
   • chúng ta hãy học đã
     Let's learn first
2. As; since